Senility, defecation disorders, sleep disorders, and non-operative spinal infections: A single-center retrospective analysis

Figure 1 Diagram of potential causes of spinal. (1) Many older people's nutritional changes lead to changes in intestinal flora and immune capacity; (2) Defecation disorders affect sleep by regulating bacterial metabolites, endocrine signals, nerve signal immunity, etc.; (3) Changes in sleep rhythm lead to changes in intestinal flora composition; (4) Infectious diseases induce aging through a sustained inflammatory immune response; (5) Aging affects the body's immune function through immune aging and inflammatory aging; (6) Defecation disorder affects the immune function of the body by affecting the intestinal shielding barrier, increasing the permeability of the intestinal wall, causing inflammation and immunity; and (7) Sleep disorders affect the immune function of the body by up-regulating adaptive immunity and down-regulating innate immunity. Among them, sleep disorders and defecation disorders show a bidirectional relationship through the brain-gut-microbial axis.