Intraoperative application of three-dimensional printed guides in total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review

Table 1 Study characteristics of included studies

Ref.	Year	Study design	Navigation type	Patients, n	Hips, n
Dos Santos-Vaquinhas et al[22]	2022	Comparative study with retrospective cohort	3D model print	45	45
Xu et al[23]	2015	Retrospective cohort	3D model print	10	14
Zhang et al[24]	2022	Retrospective cohort	3D model print	17	21
Chen et al[25]	2022	RCT	3D printed Guides	60	60
Kida et al[26]	2023	Prospective cohort	3D printed Guides	23	23
Mishra et al[27]	2020	RCT	3D printed Guides	36	36
Tu et al[28]	2022	Prospective cohort	3D printed Guides	12	12
Yan et al[29]	2020	RCT	3D printed Guides	25	25

3D: Three-dimensional; RCT: Randomized controlled trial.