Cardiotoxicity concerns in total joint arthroplasty

Table 3 Summary of blood metal concentrations and associated cardiac effects in recent studies on total joint arthroplasty patients

Study	Implant material	Blood metal concentrations	Cardiac findings	Other relevant findings
Brennan et al[1], 2024	Various metals	Elevated cobalt and chromium levels	Altered cardiac structure and function	N/A
Bellouard et al[2], 2024	Metal-on-polyethylene	Elevated metal levels in cardiac tissues	Long-term potential cardiac health impact	Metal accumulation in various organs
Brüggemann and Hailer[4], 2024	Cobalt, chromium, titanium	Significant metal ion levels	Immunological changes possibly linked to cardiotoxicity	N/A
Spranz et al[3], 2024	Tantalum	Elevated tantalum concentrations in blood	Adverse cardiac effects	N/A
Rył et al[5], 2024	Zinc, copper, iron	Increased bioelement concentrations	Possible systemic effects extending to cardiac health	Focus on erectile dysfunction in aging men
Taleb et al[7], 2024	Metal-based implants	Systemic metal exposure	Potential impact on multiple organs, including the heart	Focus on brain integrity

This table presents an overview of key findings on blood metal concentrations, cardiac effects, and observations from studies involving patients who have undergone total joint arthroplasty. The data highlight the association between various types of implant materials (such as metal-on-polyethylene, tantalum, cobalt, chromium, and titanium) and their potential influence on cardiac health, including changes in cardiac structure and function, in addition to immunological alterations. The information provides a concise overview of key outcomes rather than an exhaustive analysis of each study.