Acute hospital-community hospital care bundle for elderly orthopedic surgery patients: A propensity score-matched economic analysis

Table 1 Comparison of patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospitalization metrics between elderly patients who underwent elective orthopedic surgery before and after the care bundle intervention

Variable	Before care bundle period (2017-2018)	After care bundle period (2019-2021)	P value
	n (%)	n (%)
Matched patients	431	431
Age (yr), median (range)	79 (75-97)	80 (75-99)	0.184
Gender
Male	111 (25.8)	123 (28.5)	0.400
Female	320 (74.2)	308 (71.5)
ASA classification
1	3 (0.7)	8 (1.9)	0.074
2	336 (78.0)	311 (72.2)
3	92 (21.3)	112 (26.0)
4	0	0
CCI
0	3 (0.7)	8 (1.9)	0.200
1	12 (2.8)	21 (4.9)
2	316 (73.3)	292 (67.7)
3	16 (3.7)	18 (4.2)
≥ 4	84 (19.5)	92 (21.3)
Surgical approach
Open	346 (80.3)	337 (78.2)	0.502
MIS	85 (19.7)	94 (21.8)
AH LOS (d)
Median (range)	9 (7-73)	7 (1-44)	< 0.001
Mean (SD)	12.5 (13.8)	8.83 (7.02)	< 0.001
Discharged home	431 (100)	431 (100)	-
Postoperative mortality	0	0	-

Continuous variables were presented as median (range) or mean ± SD; categorical variables were presented as n (%). ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists classification; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; MIS: Minimally Invasive Surgery; AH: Acute hospital; LOS: Length of stay.