Fragility of statistically significant findings from randomized clinical trials of surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures: A systematic review

Table 2 Summary characteristics of included randomized controlled trials

Characteristic	No.	% or range
Initial sample size, mean No.	52.4	(30-89)
Lost to follow up, mean No.	2.7	(0-9)
Final sample size, mean No.	49.7	(30-84)
Power analysis	4	26.7%
Comparison groups
ORPO (DCP) vs IMN	8	53.3%
ORPO (LCP) vs IMN	2	13.3%
MIPO vs IMN	2	13.3%
ORPO (LCP) vs MIPO	2	13.3%
ORPO (DCP) vs MIPO	1	6.7%
Outcome assessed
Delayed union/nonunion	15	100.0%
Iatrogenic radial nerve palsy	15	100.0%
Infection	14	93.3%
Secondary surgeries	11	73.3%
Shoulder impingement	10	66.7%
Malunion	7	46.7%
Elbow stiffness	4	26.7%

ORPO: Open reduction and plate osteosynthesis; DCP: Dynamic compression plate; LCP: Locking compression plate; IMN: Intramedullary nail; MIPO: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis.