Clinical and mechanical outcomes in isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction vs additional lateral extra-articular tenodesis or anterolateral ligament reconstruction

Table 4 Main characteristics of studies included in this systematic review, n = 24

Ref.	Design of study	AEAP used	Number of patients involved	Mean follow up	Outcome measures used	Technique favoured
Ahn et al[45]	Retrospective cohort study	LET	171	49.7 ± 5.7 mo	IKDC, KL grade, graft maturation score and revision rates	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Chiba et al[23]	RCT	LET	18	12 mo	Anterior tibial translation, KOOS, tibial rotation relative to the femur	ACLR with LET is not superior to ACLR alone
Dejour et al[46]	Prospective cohort study	LET	75	25 mo	Anterior tibial translation, IKDC, pivot shift grading	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Erden et al[47]	Retrospective cohort study	ALLR	63	24 mo	Cincinnati knee score, IKDC, Lysholm scores, graft rupture rate, anterior tibial translation, pivot shift test	ACLR with ALLR is not superior to ACLR alone
Ferretti et al[33]	Retrospective cohort study	LET	140	120 mo	Lysholm score, IKDC, Tegner score, anterior tibial translation	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Getgood et al[12]	RCT	LET	618	24 mo	P4, KOOS, Marx Activity Rating scale, IKDC, ACL QOL	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Giraud et al[48]	Prospective cohort study	LET	63	84 mo	IKDC, anterior tibial translation, radiological medial and lateral compartment laxity	ACLR with LET is not superior to ACLR alone
Goncharov et al[49]	Prospective cohort study	ALLR	50	24 mo	Tegner Lysholm score, IKDC, Lachmann test, Pivot shift test	ACLR with ALLR is not superior to ACLR alone
Hamido et al[39]	RCT	ALLR	107	60 mo	IKDC, anterior tibial translation, Tegner score, Lysholm score	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Helito et al[55]	Case control study	ALLR	90	29.6 ± 6.2 mo for group 1; 28.1 ± mo for group 2	Anterior tibial translation, IKDC, Lysholm, Tegner score Pivot shift test, rupture rates	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Ibrahim et al[40]	RCT	ALLR	103	27 mo	Anterior tibial translation, IKDC, Lysholm score, Tegner score, Pivot shift test	ACLR with ALLR is not superior to ACLR alone
Lee et al[50]	Retrospective cohort study	ALLR	87	36 mo	ACL-RSI, Anterior tibial translation, IKDC, Lysholm score, Tegner score	ACLR with ALLR is not superior to ACLR alone
Mahmoud et al[11]	Matched cohort study	LET	144	120 mo	IKDC, Lysholm score, OKS, Tegner score	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Mogoş et al[24]	RCT	ALLR	57	12 mo	IKDC, Lysholm score, Pivot shift test, Rolimeter test, Tegner score	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Porter et al[41]	RCT	LET	55	24 mo	IKDC, Lysholm score, KOOS, Tegner score	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Rowan et al[51]	Prospective cohort study	LET	273	52 mo	Lysholm score, Tegner score	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone
Sonnery-Cottet et al[52]	Prospective cohort study	ALLR	502	38.4 ± 8.5 mo	IKDC, Lysholm score, Side to side laxity, Tegner score	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Sonnery-Cottet et al[53]	Retrospective cohort study	ALLR	383	37.4 mo	Lysholm score, Side to side laxity, Tegner score	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Sonnery-Cottet et al[25]	RCT	ALLR	224	12.3 ± 1.9 mo	IKDC, Lysholm score, KOOS, Range of motion, Tegner score	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Sonnery-Cottet et al[36]	Matched cohort study	ALLR	172	104.33 ± 3.74 mo	IKDC, Lysholm score, KOOS, Side to side laxity, Tegner score	ACLR with ALLR favoured over ACLR alone
Stensbirk et al[42]	RCT	LET	60	180 mo	AKP questionnaire, Lysholm score, Tegner score	ACLR with LET is not superior to ACLR alone
Trichine et al[43]	Single blinded RCT	LET	120	24 mo	IKDC, Objective laxity	Inconclusive
Vadalà et al[44]	RCT	LET	60	44.6 mo	Anterior tibial translation, IKDC, Lysholm score, Tegner score, VAS	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR only
Ventura et al[54]	Retrospective cohort study	LET	24	54 mo	Anterior tibial translation, IKDC, Lysholm score, Tegner score	ACLR with LET favoured over ACLR alone

AEAP: Anterolateral extra articular procedures; ACL-RSI: Anterior cruciate ligament – return to sport after injury; ALLR: Anterolateral ligament reconstruction; AKP: Anterior knee pain; IKDC: International Knee Documentation Committee; KOOS: Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; LET: Lateral extra articular tenodesis; OKS: Oxford Knee Score; RCT: Randomised controlled trial; VAS: Visual analogue scale.