Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Orthop. Jul 18, 2022; 13(7): 631-643
Published online Jul 18, 2022. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v13.i7.631
Table 1 Demographic information


With GHOA
Without GHOA


Tear size group
Tear size group
Overall (n = 142)Case overall (n = 71)Small (0-1 cm) (n = 21)Medium (1-3 cm) (n = 28)Large (3-5 cm) (n = 22)Control overall (n = 71)Small (0-1 cm) (n = 28)Medium (1-3 cm) (n = 30)Large (3-5 cm) (n = 13)
Age (in yr) at surgery, median (IQR)64 (60, 70)64 (60, 70)63 (62, 67)63 (58, 67.5)66 (62, 71)64 (60, 70)63 (59.5, 68.5)65 (61, 70)63 (61, 69)
BMI, median (IQR)29.2 (25.8, 32.9)29.8 (26.7, 33.2)32.9 (29.4, 35.9)28.1 (24.5, 30.8)29 (27.3, 33.2)28.5 (25.5, 31)29.9 (27, 31)27.2 (24.5, 30.4)27.5 (24.7, 32.1)
Time (in yr) since DOS, median (IQR)8.1 (6.9, 9.3)8.2 (6.9, 9.3)8 (7.1, 9.4)8 (6.4, 9.3)8.3 (7.1, 8.9)8.1 (6.8, 9.3)8.3 (6.8, 9.6)8 (7.5, 8.8)7.8 (6.9, 9.3)
Tear size, median (IQR)2 (1, 3)2 (1, 3.5)1 (1, 1)2 (1.7, 2.6)4 (3.5, 4)1.5 (1, 2.5).5 (.5, 1)2 (1.5, 2.5)4 (3.7, 4.3)
Male82 (57.7)41 (57.7)10 (47.6)13 (46.4)18 (81.8)41 (57.7)13 (46.4)19 (63.3)9 (69.2)
Sex, n (%)
Female60 (42.3)30 (42.3)11 (52.4)15 (53.6)4 (18.2)30 (42.3)15 (53.6)11 (36.7)4 (30.8)
Smoking, n (%)
Never84 (59.2)41 (57.7)16 (76.2)14 (50.0)11 (50.0)43 (60.6)19 (67.9)19 (63.3)5 (38.5)
Previous53 (37.3)29 (40.8)5 (23.8)13 (46.4)11 (50.0)24 (33.8)7 (25.0)10 (33.3)7 (53.8)
Current5 (3.5)1 (1.4)0 (0)1 (3.6)0 (0)4 (5.6)2 (7.1)1 (3.3)1 (7.7)
Diabetes, n (%)
No115 (81.0)57 (80.3)18 (85.7)24 (85.7)15 (68.2)58 (81.7)22 (78.6)27 (90.0)9 (69.2)
Yes27 (19.0)14 (19.7)3 (14.3)4 (14.3)7 (31.8)13 (18.3)6 (21.4)3 (10.0)4 (30.8)
Preoperative samilson-prieto score, n (%)
None71 (50.0)1 (1.4)0 (0)1 (3.6)0 (0)70 (98.6)28 (100.0)29 (96.7)13 (100.0)
Mild (< 3 mm)62 (43.7)61 (85.9)18 (85.7)27 (96.4)16 (72.7)1 (1.4)0 (0)1 (3.3)0 (0)
Moderate (3 mm-7 mm)9 (6.3)9 (12.7)3 (14.3)0 (0)6 (27.3)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)
Goutallier classification, n (%)
Grade 0 (normal muscle)95 (66.9)47 (66.2)18 (85.7)19 (67.9)10 (45.5)48 (67.6)23 (82.1)20 (66.7)5 (38.5)
Grade 1 (some fattystreaks)36 (25.4)18 (25.4)2 (9.5)7 (25.0)9 (40.9)18 (25.4)5 (17.9)8 (26.7)5 (38.5)
Grade 2 (< 50% fattymuscle atrophy)11 (7.7)6 (8.5)1 (4.8)2 (7.1)3 (13.6)5 (7.0)0 (0)2 (6.7)3 (23.1)
Muscle atrophy (warner grading system), n (%)0 (0)
None107 (75.4)50 (70.4)18 (85.7)21 (75.0)11 (50.0)57 (80.3)24 (85.7)24 (80.0)9 (69.2)
Mild29 (20.4)17 (23.9)2 (9.5)5 (17.9)10 (45.5)12 (16.9)4 (14.3)5 (16.7)3 (23.1)
Moderate6 (4.2)4 (5.6)1 (4.8)2 (7.1)1 (4.5)2 (2.8)0 (0)1 (3.3)1 (7.7)
Primary GHOA, n (%)
No71 (50.0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)71 (100.0)28 (100.0)30 (100.0)13 (100.0)
Yes71 (50.0)71 (100.0)21 (100.0)28 (100.0)22 (100.0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)