Evaluation of artificial intelligence models for osteoarthritis of the knee using deep learning algorithms for orthopedic radiographs

Table 3 Performance comparison of various transfer learning convolutional neural network models and eight expert human interpretations used for the development of deep learning algorithm for orthopedic radiographs

Model name	Accuracy	Precision	Recall	Loss	Outcome
ResNet50	54.29%	61.03%	39.52%	1.06	Average
VGG-16	56.68%	67.56%	35.02%	1.10	Average
InceptionV3	87.34%	89.19%	85.67%	0.35	Good
MobilnetV2	82.15%	84.66%	80.21%	0.46	Average
EfficientnetB7	56.61%	70.09%	38.27%	0.98	Average
DenseNet201	92.87%	93.69%	92.53%	0.20	Best
Xception	82.81%	85.03%	77.05%	0.50	Average
NasNetMobile	80.90%	83.98%	77.30%	0.50	Average
Surgeon	74.22%	79.50%	50.00%	0.25	Good