Preoperative and postoperative risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection in primary total hip arthroplasty: A 1-year experience

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics according to periprosthetic joint infection

Covariate	Infection (yes)	Infection (not)	P value
Age, mean (min-max)	62.8 (51-69)	62.8 (17-88)	P = 0.98; T-test
Sex
Female (%)	3 (75.0)	317 (54.7)	P = 0.63; Fisher’s test
Male (%)	1 (25.0)	262 (45.3)
BMI
Underweight (%)	-	4 (0.7)	P = 0.455; χ2 test
Normal (%)	1 (25.0)	208 (36.0)
Overweight (%)	1 (25.0)	259 (44.8)
Obese (%)	2 (50.0)	107 (18.5)
Antibiotic therapy
Cefazolin (%)	4 (100.0)	560 (96.9)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Clindamycin (%)	-	18 (3.1)
Additional antibiotic doses
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	20 (3.5)	P = 0.137; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	559 (96.5)
Diagnosis
Coxartrosis (%)	3 (75.0)	370 (97.6)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Dysplasia (%)	1 (25.0)	9 (2.4)
Bearings
Cer-cer (%)	4 (100.0)	522 (90.2)	P = 0.001; χ2 test
Cer-pol (%)	-	8 (1.4)
Met-pol (%)	-	49 (8.5)
Steroid
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	14 (2.4)	P = 0.1; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	562 (97.6)
Immunosuppressants
Yes (%)	-	13 (2.3)	P = 0.1; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	564 (97.7)
Antiaggregant drugs
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	116 (20.1)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	460 (79.9)
Local surgery before the operation
Yes (%)	-	66 (11.5)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	507 (88.5)
COPD
Yes (%)	-	78 (13.5)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	500 (86.5)
Chronic renal insufficiency
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	20 (3.5)	P = 0.137; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	558 (96.5)
Preexisting heart ischemic conditions
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	51 (8.8)	P = 0.313; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	527 (91.2)
Diabetes
Yes (%)	-	44 (7.6)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	533 (92.4)
Rheumatological conditions
Yes (%)	-	12 (2.1)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	565 (97.9)
Previously local septic conditions
Yes (%)	-	6 (1.0)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	4 (100.0)	571 (99.1)
Blood transfusion
Yes (%)	1 (25.0)	98 (16.9)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Not (%)	3 (75.0)	468 (80.8)
Prosthesis fixation
Uncemented (%)	4 (100.0)	570 (98.4)	P = 1.00; Fisher’s test
Cemented stem and uncemented cup (%)	-	9 (1.6)
Time of intervention
(07-12) (%)	4 (100.0)	442 (76.3)	P = 0.578; Fisher’s test
(12-19) (%)	0	137 (23.7)

Cer-Cer: Ceramic on ceramic; Cer-pol; Ceramic on polyethylene; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cup: Met-pol: Metal on polyethylene.