Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor for lung cancer

Table 2 Odds ratios for coincidental lung cancer based on factors indicative of hronic obstructive pulmonary disease or interstitial lung diseases, according to smoking status¹

	Never smoker (n = 284)	Ex-smoker (n = 101)	Current smoker (n = 179)	Total (n = 564)
FEV1/FVC < 70%	10.42 (2.82-38.55)3	5.89 (2.02-17.22)	7.456 (3.48-15.95)	7.17 (4.03-12.74)
%VC < 80%	2.02 (0.42-9.86)	No data4	2.25 (0.62-8.11)	4.73 (2.00-11.17)
LAA score ≥ 12	0.98 (0.21-4.43)	3.43 (1.50-7.85)	5.07 (2.51-10.28)	3.63 (2.24-5.89)
Fibrosis score ≥ 1	6.39 (2.13-19.18)	3.94 (1.20-12.88)	5.45 (2.39-12.44)	5.10 (2.82-9.24)
GGA score ≥ 1	2.32 (0.80-6.71)	3.59 (1.09-11.80)	2.48 (1.06-5.77)	2.71 (1.52-4.81)

¹See the reference by Mizuno et al[24] for details;

²Low attenuation area (LAA) was assesed using Goddard's scoring system: fibrosis and ground glass attenuation (GGA) were assessed using Kazzerooni's scoring system;

³Numbers in parentheses indicate 95%CI;

⁴No data calculated because of insufficient number.