Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Clin Oncol. Aug 24, 2024; 15(8): 1048-1060
Published online Aug 24, 2024. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i8.1048
Table 2 Prevalence of malignant neoplasms in celiac disease vs matched (age-, sex-, race) non-celiac disease patients, National Inpatient Sample 2000-2019
Neoplasm type
CeD cases
CeD controls
OR (95%CI)
P value
Unweighted (n = 108052), 50%, n (%)
Unweighted (n = 108052), 50%, n (%)
All malignant neoplasm15884 (14.70)14125 (13.07)1.15 (1.12-1.18)< 0.0001
Positive association
Stomach179 (0.17)133 (0.12)1.35 (1.08-1.69)0.0092
Small intestine177 (0.16)23 (0.02)7.71 (5.0-11.9)< 0.0001
Liver261 (0.24)143 (0.13)1.83 (1.49-2.24)< 0.0001
Biliary90 (0.08)65 (0.06)1.39 (1.01-1.91)0.0446
Other GI organs87 (0.08)43 (0.04)2.02 (1.41-2.92)< 0.0001
Thyroid474 (0.44)259 (0.24)1.84 (1.58-2.13)< 0.0001
Pancreas358 (0.33)235 (0.22)1.53 (1.29-1.80)< 0.0001
Melanoma skin552 (0.51)359 (0.33)1.54 (1.35-1.76)< 0.0001
Nonmelanoma skin (all other skin excluding melanoma)1441 (1.33)735 (0.68)1.97 (1.81-2.16)< 0.0001
Other neuroendocrine tumors74 (0.07)50 (0.05)1.48 (1.03-2.12)0.0311
Lymphoma1861 (1.72)912 (0.84)2.06 (1.90-2.23)< 0.0001
Leukemia835 (0.77)742 (0.69)1.13 (1.02-1.25)0.0187
Myelodysplastic syndrome397 (0.37)216 (0.20)1.84 (1.55-2.17)< 0.0001
Uterus562 (0.52)482 (0.45)1.17 (1.03-1.32)0.0131
Prostate1421 (1.32)1247 (1.15)1.14 (1.06-1.23)0.0007
Testis84 (0.08)56 (0.05)1.50 (1.07-2.10)0.0179
Negative association
Respiratory1244 (1.15)1813 (1.68)0.68 (0.63-0.73)< 0.0001
Secondary malignancies2199 (2.04)2846 (2.63)0.76 (0.73-0.81)< 0.0001
Urinary952 (0.88)1053 (0.97)0.90 (0.83-0.99)0.0234
Null association
Head and neck272 (0.25)314 (0.29)0.87 (0.74-1.02)0.0823
Nervous system227 (0.21)257 (0.24)0.88 (0.74-1.06)0.1722
Esophagus152 (0.14)125 (0.12)1.22 (0.96-1.54)0.1045
Colorectal1752 (1.62)1774 (1.64)0.99 (0.93-1.06)0.7087
Anus21 (0.02)26 (0.02)0.81 (0.45-1.44)0.4658
Breast2844 (2.63)2919 (2.70)0.98 (0.92-1.03)0.3166
Other endocrine (excluding thyroid and pancreas)25 (0.02)30 (0.03)0.83 (0.49-1.41)0.5001
Malignant carcinoid tumor - small intestine14 (0.01)13 (0.01)1.08 (0.51-2.29)0.8474
Malignant carcinoid tumor - large intestine5 (0.005)6 (0.005)0.83 (0.25-2.73)0.7630
Bone and connective tissues134 (0.12)161 (0.15)0.83 (0.66-1.04)0.1157
Myeloma313 (0.29)274 (0.25)1.14 (0.97-1.34)0.1070
Cervix448 (0.41)418 (0.39)1.07 (0.94-1.22)0.3070
Ovary472 (0.44)430 (0.40)1.10 (0.96-1.25)0.1611
Other female genital organs126 (0.12)139 (0.13)0.91 (0.71-1.15)0.4242
Other male genital organs11 (0.01)4 (0.004)2.75 (0.88-8.63)0.0707