Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Clin Oncol. Jul 24, 2022; 13(7): 587-598
Published online Jul 24, 2022. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v13.i7.587
Table 4 Perceived barriers to implementation of photoprotection practices in patients with malignant melanoma, those with atypical mole syndrome, and controls

Patients with a PMH of MM, n = 26
Patients with AMS, n = 47
Control group, n = 48
All participants, n = 121
P value
Have any of the following barriers discouraged you from practicing sun protection? n (%)
No7/26 (26.9%)27/47 (57.4%)24/48 (50%)58/121 (47.9%)0.656
Yes19/26 (73.1%)20/47 (42.6%)24/48 (50%)63/121 (52.1%)
Skepticism (“I do not believe skin cancer is a serious health threat”), n (%)
No22/26 (84.6%)43/47 (91.5%)45/48 (93.8%)110/121 (90.9%)0568
Yes4/26 (15.4%)4/47 (8.5%)3/48 (6.3%)11/121 (9.1%)
Hassle/lack of time, n (%)
No21/26 (80.8%)35/47 (74.5%)38/48 (79.2%)94/121 (77.7%)0.639
Yes5/26 (19.2%)12/47 (25.5%)10/48 (20.8%)27/121 (22.3%)
Concerns over adequate Vitamin D, n (%)
No20/26 (76.9%)34/47 (72.3%)32/48 (66.7%)86/121 (71.1%)0.486
Yes6/26 (23.1%)13/47 (27.7%)16/48 (33.3%)35/121 (28.9%)
Cost/financial concerns. n (%)
No25/26 (96.2%)38/47 (80.9%)39/48 (81.3%)102/121 (84.3%)0.810
Yes1/26 (3.8%)9/47 (19.1%)9/48 (18.8%)19/121 (15.7%)
Appearance (“I do not like how using sun protection will make me look”), n (%)
No24/26 (92.3%)44/47 (93.6%)48/48 (100%)116/121 (95.9%)0.090
Yes2/26 (7.7%)3/47 (6.4%)0/48 (0%)5/121 (4.1%)
Difficulty obtaining materials (sunscreen, sunglasses, hats, etc), n (%)
No25/26 (96.2%)44/47 (93.6%)114/121 (94.2%)0.962
Yes1/26 (3.8%)3/47 (6.4%)7/121 (5.8%)
Sunscreen is uncomfortable or unpleasant, n (%)
No22/26 (84.6%)43/48 (91.5%)47/48 (97.9%)112/121 (93%)0.149
Yes4/26 (15.4%)4/48 (8.5%)1/48 (2.1%)9/121 (7%)
Previous “bad” reaction to sunscreen (please specify), n (%)
No25/26 (96.2%)47/47 (100%)48/48 (100%)120/121 (99.2%)0.765
Yes1/26 (3.8%)0/47 (0%)0/48 (0%)1/121 (0.8%)
None/no barriers have discouraged me, n (%)
No14/26 (53.8%)21/121 (44.7%)23/48 (47.9%)58/121 (47.9%)0.840
Yes12/26 (46.2%)26/121 (55.3%)25/48 (52.1%63/121 (52.1%)