New perspectives in the management of small cell lung cancer

Table 1 Surgical and survival rates for patients with small cell lung cancer (period time revised 1999-2020) - (dash), lack of information or details

Ref.	Study type & time period. LoE	Inclusion criteria	Number of patients	Neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatments	PCI	Survival data
Jin et al[9], 2018	RS; SEER 2004-2013; 3A	cI-II	n = 2129; S: 387; RT 1032; S + RT: 154; No S or RT: 556		-	5-yr OS T1N0: 46.0% S vs 23.8% RT; 5-yr OS T2N0: 42.6% S vs 24.7% RT; T3N0 or T1-2N1 (stage IIB) patients treated with S did not have higher 5-yr OS rates than those treated with RT
Yang et al[10], 2018	RS; NCDB 2003-2011; Propensity score match S + AC vs CRT; 3A	cT1-2N0M0	S + AC: 501; CRT: 501	S + AC: 501	-	5-yr OS: 47.6% S + AC vs 29.8% CRT (P < 0.01)
Ahmed et al[11], 2017	RS; SEER 2007-2013; 3A	Stage I SCLC	n = 1902; S: 427; S + RT: 115	-	-	MST: 50 mo (S); MST: 60 + mo (S + RT)
Wakeam et al[12], 2017	RS; NCDB 2004-2013; 3A	cT1-2N0M0	n = 5079	-		MST: 25.3 mo
Wakeam et al[13], 2017	RS; NCDB 2004-2013; Stage-specific propensity score match S vs NST; 3A	cI-III	n = 2619	No AD treatment 24% NC or NR 4%; AC 27%; AR 1%; ACR 32%; NC or NR and AC or AR 2%; Other 10%	-	MST cI 38.6 vs 22.9 mo S vs NST; MST cII 23.4 vs 20.7 mo S vs NST; MST cIIIA 21.7 vs 16.0 mo S vs NST
Combs et al[14], 2015	RS; NCDB 1998-2011; 3A	cT1-3N0-2 SCLC	n = 2476; S 841 cIA, 168 cIB	All; S: 68%	-	5-yr OS: 54% (cIA); 36% (cIB)
Ogawa et al[15], 2012	RS; Institutional 1995-2008; 4	cI-III; pI-III SCLC	n = 28 (23 SCLC before S); S 21 cI, 5 cII, 7 cIII2	NC 8; AC 19, ACR 2	-	5-yr OS 47%
Ju et al[16], 2012	RS; Institutional 1990-2009; 4	pI-III	n = 34	NC 3; AC 1, AR 19, 10 CRT	-	5-yr OS 66%
Vallières et al[6], 2009	RS; IASLC 1990-2000; 3A	Resected SCLC	n = 349 (68 pIA, 91 pIB)	-	-	5-yr OS: 53% (pIA); 44% (pIB)
Lim et al[17], 2008	RS; Institutional 1980-2007; 4	cI-cIIIB	n = 59	AC 13; AR 2; ACR 1	-	5-yr OS for all patients 52%; No difference in 5-yr survival across; cT and cN categories; No difference in 5-yr survival across; cI to cIII stages
Wang et al[18], 2007	RS; Institutional; 4	pI-III	n = 122	QT & CRT (not specified)	-	MST 50 mo; 5-yr OS 66%
Veronesi et al[19], 2007	RS; Institutional; 4	cI-IIIA	n = 23	AC all	-	MST 24 mo
Tsuchiya et al[20], 2005	Prospective phase II trial; 1991-1996; 2B	cI-IIIA	n = 62	AC 42 (69%)	-	MST not reached in pI; MST 449 d for pII; MST 712 d for pIIIA; 3-yr OS 61%; 3-yr survival rate cI, cII, cIIIA 68%, 56% and 13% respectively
Brock et al[21], 2005	RS; Institutional 1976-2002; 4	Resected SCLC	n = 82 (24 stage I, S + AC)	AC 55%	23%	5-yr OS: 86% (platinum AC); 42% (non-platinum AC)
Nakamura et al[22], 2004	RS; Institutional; 4	cI-III SCLC	n = 69	S 37, NC 32, AC 41, ACR 7	-	5-yr survival 48.9 % cI, 33.3 % cII, 20.2 % cIIIA, 0 % cIIIB
Badzio et al[23], 2004	Comparative RS; Institutional 1984-1996; 4	cI-III balanced in both, S and NST groups	n = 134	S 67 (all AC); NST 67 (all QT)	34% only S group	MST 22 mo (S); MST 11 mo (NST); 5-yr OS S 27%, NST 4%
Lewiński et al[24], 2001	R; Institutional 1976-2002; 4	cI-IIIA SCLC	n = 75	NC all	If CR to NC	MST N0+1 25 mo; MST N2 14 mo; MST resected 18 mo; 5-yr OS resected 29%
Cataldo et al[25], 2000	RS; Institutional 1982-1992; 4	cI-III SCLC	n = 60	AC 88%; pII AR (11%); pIII AR (21%)	41%	5-yr survival rate 40% pI, 36% pII and 15% pIII
Inoue et al[26], 2000	RS; Institutional 1975-1994; 4	Resected SCLC	n = 91 (32 cIA, 30 cIB)	All 78%	5.5%	MST 53 mo, 5-yr OS 49% (cIA); MST 25 mo, 5-yr OS 47% (cIB)
Kobayashi et al[27], 2000	RS; Institutional 1982-1992; 4	cI-III SCLC	n = 59	NC 71%	-	5-yr survival rate 55% pI, 33% pII, 23% pIII
Eberhardt et al[28], 1999	Prospective phase II trial; Institutional 1991-1995; 2B	cIB-cIIIB	n = 46	IB/IIA had NC + S; IIB/IIIA had NCR + S	-	MST all patients 36 mo; MST R0 patients 68 mo; 5-yr survival rate all patients 46%; 5-yr survival rate R0 patients 63%

ACR: Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy; AD: Adjuvant; AC: Adjuvant chemotherapy; cIA: Clinical stage IA; cIB: Clinical stage IB; CR: Complete response; CRT: Chemoradiotherapy; IASLC: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer; ISC-LCSG: The Lung Cancer Study Group of the International Society of Chemotherapy; LoE: Level of evidence; MST: Median survival time; NC: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy; NST: Non-surgical treatment; NCDB: National Cancer Data Base; OS: Overall survival; PCI: Prophylactic cranial irradiation; pIA: Pathologic stage IA; pIB: Pathologic stage IB; pII: Pathologic stage II; pIIIA: Pathologic stage IIIA; pIIIB: Pathologic stage IIIB; QT: Chemotherapy; R0: Complete resection; RS: Retrospective study; RT: Radiotherapy; S: Surgery; SCLC: Small cell lung cancer; SEER: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.