Proteoglycans and their functions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Figure 2 Overview of serglycin functions in human cancers. The various binding partners of serglycin contribute to the multiple functions of serglycin in human cancers. Serglycin, with or without binding partner, can bind to receptors on cancer cells and activate the downstream signaling pathways, including β-catenin, Nanog, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and transforming growth factor (TGF) β pathways. MMP: Matrix metalloproteinase; NF-κβ: Nuclear factor-kappa B.