Thymoquinone anticancer activity is enhanced when combined with royal jelly in human breast cancer

Figure 1 The inhibitory effect of thymoquinone and royal jelly on the viability of MDA-MB-231 and FHs74 Int cell line. A: 3-(4,5-dmethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showing the percentage viability of MDA-MB-231 cell line and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of thymoquinone (TQ) on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line after 24 h of treatment with different TQ concentrations. Cell viability was estimated by measuring the absorbance of the cell suspension after incubation with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; B: Trypan blue exclusion assay showing the percentage cell viability after 24 h of treatment with different royal jelly concentrations on FHs74 Int; C: MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Data shown are an average of 3 independent experiments for panels A and B, and 2 independent experiments for panel C, respectively, expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. Asterisks represent statistically significant results compared to the control, (^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001). RJ: Royal jelly; TQ: Thymoquinone.