Thiol/disulphide homeostasis in celiac disease

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and laboratory findings of study population

Variables	Celiac (n = 73)	Control (n = 73)	P value
Gender (male), n (%)	15 (20.5)	18 (24.7)	0.553
Age (yr)	44.1 ± 13	43.7 ± 13.6	0.866
BMI (kg/m2)	24.5 ± 4.7	24.9 ± 4.7	0.867
Smoking, n (%)
Non-smokers	49 (67.1)	50 (68.5)
Smokers	18 (24.7)	17 (23.3)	0.981
Quit smoking	6 (8.2)	6 (8.2)
Alcohol, n (%)	2 (2.7)	-	-
Duration of disease (yr)	6 (1-25)	-	-
Total protein (g/L)	7.4 ± 0.6	7.4 ± 0.5	0.964
Albumin (g/L)	4.4 ± 0.3	4.1 ± 0.3	0.002a
ALT (IU/L)	23 (8)	20 (7)	0.035a
AST (IU/L)	20 (12)	17 (9)	0.002a
CRP (mg/L)	3.5 (8.4)	1.2 (2)	0.008a
Native thiol (μmol/L)	322.7 ± 39.7	339.6 ± 51.3	0.027a
Total thiol (μmol/L)	343.7 ± 41.9	360.4 ± 50.3	0.031a
Disulphide (μmol/L)	13.0 ± 3.7	10.2 ± 3.9	< 0.001a
Disulphide/native thiol (%)	3.8 ± 1.2	2.8 ± 1.1	< 0.001a
Disulphide/total thiol (%)	4.1 ± 1.4	2.9 ± 1.1	< 0.001a
Native thiol/total thiol (%)	93.8 ± 2.6	94.3 ± 5.7	0.553

^aP < 0.05. BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; CRP: C-reactive protein.