Family history and disease outcomes in patients with Crohn’s disease: A comparison between China and the United States

Table 3 Prevalence and odds ratio of Crohn’s disease outcomes in China vs the United States

Outcome	China(n = 49)	United States(n = 145)	Unadjusted OR (95%CI), P value (Reference = US)	Adjusted1 OR (95%CI), P value (Reference = US)
Ileal involvement	63.3%	63.5%	0.99 (0.50-1.94)	1.14 (0.51-2.55)
			P = 0.98	P = 0.74
Surgery for IBD	51.0%	49.7%	1.06 (0.55-2.02)	1.70 (0.77-3.75)
			P = 0.87	P = 0.19
Ever steroids use	46.9%	91.0%	0.09 (0.04-0.19)	0.19 (0.07-0.50)
			P < 0.0001	P = 0.0007
Steroids use within 3 mo of diagnosis	24.5%	46.2%	0.38 (0.18-0.78)	0.53 (0.22-1.25)
			P = 0.009	P = 0.15
Ever immunomodulators2	73.5%	61.4%	1.74 (0.85-3.57)	2.13 (0.92-4.91)
	(n = 36)	(n = 89)	P = 0.13	P = 0.08
6-MP/Azathioprine	88.9%	89.9%
Methotrexate	19.4%	23.6%
Cyclosporine	0%	6.7%
Tacrolimus	0%	3.4%
Ever biologics use	34.7%	73.8%	0.19 (0.09-0.38)	0.09 (0.04-0.24)
			P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001
Ever TPN use	8.2%	21.4%	0.33 (0.11-0.98)	0.67 (0.19-2.38)
			P = 0.05	P = 0.54
Antibiotics use within 30 d before time of survey	18.8%	15.9%	1.22 (0.52-2.87)	1.29 (0.47-3.55)
			P = 0.64	P = 0.62

¹Adjusted for sex, smoking status at diagnosis, age at diagnosis older than 40 years or less, and duration of disease at survey completion;

²For ever users of immunomodulators, the percentage of use of each type of immunomodulators was calculated. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; 6-MP: Mercaptopurine; TPN: Total parenteral nutrition; OR: Odds ratio.