Local ablative treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma: An updated review

Table 2 Randomized controlled trials comparing radiofrequency ablation and surgery in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Ref.	Liver function	Tumor features	Treatment	3-yr SR	5-yr SR	3-yr DFS	5-yr DFS
Chen et al[47]	CP A	Single < 5 cm	HR 90	73.40%	NA	69.00%	NA
	ICG-R15 < 30%		RFA 71	71.40%	NA	64.10%	NA
	PLT > 40000/mm3
Huang et al[48]	CP A/B	Within MC	HR 115	92.20%	75.70%	60.90%	51.30%
	ICG-R15 < 20%		RFA 115	69.60%	54.80%	46.10%	28.70%
	PLT > 50000/mm3
		Single ≤ 3 cm	HR 45	95.60%	82.20%	NA	NA
			RFA 57	77.20%	61.40%	NA	NA
		Single 3-5 cm	HR 44	95.50%	72.30%	NA	NA
			RFA 27	66.70%	51.50%	NA	NA
		Multifocal < 3 cm	HR 26	80.80%	69.20%	NA	NA
			RFA 31	58.10%	45.20%	NA	NA
Feng et al[49]	CP A/B	Up to 2 nodules < 4 cm	HR 84	74.80%	NA	61.10%	NA
	ICG-R15 < 30%		RFA 84	67.20%	NA	49.60%	NA
	PLT > 50000 mm3
Fang et al[50]	CP A/B	Up to 3 nodules ≤ 3 cm	HR 60	77.50%	NA	41.30%	NA
	PLT > 50000 mm3		RFA 60	82.50%	NA	55.40%	NA

SR: Survival rate; DFS: Disease-free survival; CP: Child-Pugh; ICG-R15: Indocyanin green retention at 15 min; PLT: Platelets; HR: Hepatic resection; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; NA: Not available; MC: Milan criteria.