Antibiotic treatment for Helicobacter pylori: Is the end coming?

Table 1 Decline in rates of Helicobacter pylori eradication following first-line standard triple therapy

Country	Ref.	Publication	Treatment duration	Patients	Therapy regimen	Eradication rate (ITT)	Eradication rate (PP)
South Korea	Na et al[177]	2007	7 d	3267	Standard PPI	NA	84.3%
					Cla 500 mg bid
					Amo 1 g bid
	Chung et al[178]	2012	10 d	80	Lan 30 mg bid	58.7%	67.6%
					Cla 500 mg bid
					Amo 1 g bid
Japan	Asaka et al[179]	2001	7 d	96	Lan 30 mg bid	NA	90.7%
					Cla 200 mg bid
					Amo 750 mg bid
	Fujioka et al[180]	2012	7 d	3162	Rab 10 mg bid	80.7%	NA
					Amo 750 mg bid
					Cla 200 mg bid
	Nishizawa et al[27]	2012	7 d	55	Lan 30 mg bid	74.5%	80.4%
					Cla 400 mg bid
					Amo 750 mg bid
	Nishida et al[181]	2014	7 d	134/134	Eso 20 mg bid	69.4%/73.9%	76.9%/79.8%
					Cla 400 mg bid
					Amo 750 mg bid
					Lan 30 mg bid
					Cla 400 mg bid
					Amo 750 mg bid
Taiwan	Sheu et al[182]	2000	7 d or 2 wk	286	Ome 20 mg bid	NA	87.8%
					Amo 1 g bid
					Cla or Met bid
	Chen et al[117]	2014	7 d	73	Rab 20 mg bid	57.5%	61.8%
					Cla 500 mg bid
					Amo 1 g bid
Turkey	Ozçay et al[183]	2004	4 wk: PPI 2 wk:Cla, Amo	102	Ome or Lan	NA	75.7%
					Cla 7.5 mg/kg bid
					Amo 20 mg/kg bid
	Kutluk et al[184]	2014	10 d	74	Lan 1 mg/kg per day	52.7%	55.7%
					Cla 20 mg/kg per day
					Amo 50 mg/kg per day
Italy	Catalano et al[185]	1999	10 d	84	Ome 20 mg bid	NA	94.0%
					Cla 500 mg bid
					Amo 1 g bid
	Paoluzi et al[186]	2010	7 d	90	Eso 20 mg bid	66.0%	75.0%
					Cla 500 mg bid
					Amo 1 g bid
Latin America	Greenberg et al[106]	2011	14 d	488	Lan 30 mg bid	82.2%	87.1%
					Cla 500 mg bid
					Amo 1 g bid

ITT: Intention to treat; PP: Per protocol; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; NA: Not available; Cla: Clarithromycin; Amo: Amoxicillin; Lan: Lansoprazole; Rab: Rabeprazole; Eso: Esomeprazole; Ome: Omeprazole; Met: Metronidazole.