EVS vs TIPS shunt for gastric variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristic of studies included

Ref.	Type of stent	Type of EVS	Randomized	Prospective study	Consecutive patients	Comparable base-line data	Definition of variceal rebleeding	Definition of post-TIPS HE	Lost (TIPS/EVS)
Mahadeva et al[13]	Bare	Cyanoacrylate	No	No	No	Yes	NR	NR	0/0
Lo et al[19]	Bare	Cyanoacrylate	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Rebleeding from GV or EV was defined as the presence of hematemesis or melena with the bleeding source being endoscopically proven to originate from GV or EV, respectively	Patients with altered consciousness levels and elevated arterial ammonia levels requiring hospitalization were recorded as having the complication of hepatic encephalopathy	1/6
Procaccini et al[7]	29 with covered stent, 15 with bare stent	Cyanoacrylate	No	No	NR	Yes	Rebleeding was defined by a significant decrease in hemoglobin or hematocrit requiring packed red cell transfusion or evidence of hematemesis or melena with hemodynamic insufficiency	NR	NR/NR

EV: Esophageal varices; GV: Gastric varices; NR: Not reported; EVS: Endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy; TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.