Therapy of gallstone disease: What it was, what it is, what it will be

Table 4 Major features of the complicated biliary colic

Additional findings compared to uncomplicated biliary pain	Leukocytosis, nausea, jaundice, vomiting, fever
Underlying potential complications	Acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis, biliary obstruction and cholangitis, gallbladder perforation, abscess formation, mucocele of the gallbladder
Decision	Quick admission to the hospital
Therapies	Antibiotics or invasive procedures with or without surgical procedures (Figure 1)
	Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy recommended between 2 and 4[168] in mild and moderate acute cholecystitis

Adapted from[25,63,148] with permission.