Impact of epinephrine volume on further bleeding due to high-risk peptic ulcer disease in the combination therapy era

Table 2 Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses for factors associated with further bleeding at 7 d

Variable	OR	95%CI	P value
Univariable logistic regression:
Age (≥ 75 yr)	2.47	0.88-7.60	0.09
Admission status (in-hospital)	2.91	1.01-9.63	0.06
Hematochezia	2.96	0.98-8.6	0.04
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.86	1.31-2.78	< 0.001
Hypotension requiring vasopressors	5.70	1.98-17.88	< 0.01
Cardiovascular disease and/or congestive heart failure	2.71	0.94-8.98	0.08
Antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulants, and/or NSAIDs	0.57	0.20-1.70	0.30
Time to endoscopy (> 24 h)	0.71	0.23-2.00	0.53
Location of ulcer (duodenal)	6.19	1.65-40.43	0.02
Forrest class (Ia and Ib)	2.47	0.88-7.60	0.09
Size of ulcer (> 20 mm)	0.89	0.13-3.59	0.88
Epinephrine volume (mL)	1.06	0.92-1.22	0.38
Multivariable logistic regression:
Hematochezia	1.48	0.41-5.05	0.54
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.96	1.30-3.20	< 0.01
Hypotension requiring vasopressors	6.34	1.87-25.52	< 0.01
Location of ulcer (duodenal)	3.44	0.81-23.72	0.13

Variables with P < 0.05 in univariable analysis were included in multivariable analysis. aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; BPM: Beats per minute; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; CI: Confidence interval; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OR: Odds ratio.