Effects of commercially produced almond by-products on chemotherapy-induced mucositis in rats

Table 3 Effects of almond extracts on gastrointestinal organ weights and lengths of female Dark Agouti rats 72 h after 5-fluorouracil or saline injection

	Sal +PBS	Sal + AHE1	Sal + AHE2	Sal + ABW1	Sal + ABW2	5-FU +PBS	5-FU +AHE1	5-U +AHE2	5-FU + ABW1	5-FU + ABW2
Duodenum
Weight (10-2)	31 ± 1	31 ± 2	33 ± 3	31 ± 2	30 ± 1	31 ± 3	28 ± 1	31 ± 2	32 ± 1	30 ± 2
Length	6.2 ± 0.2	6.0 ± 0.2	6.1 ± 0.2	6.3 ± 0.1	6.1 ± 0.1	5.9 ± 0.3	5.9 ± 0.2	5.9 ± 0.1	5.7 ± 0.1	6.0 ± 0.3
Jejunum + ileum
Weight (10-2)	230 ± 5	226 ± 8	221 ± 6	222 ± 7	229 ± 7	210 ± 11a	208 ± 10b	203 ± 6b	212 ± 11a	209 ± 9a
Length	75.1 ± 1.3	74.8 ± 1.4	75.8 ± 1.2	74.5 ± 0.9	75.4 ± 1.0	71.3 ± 0.9a	70 ± 1.5b	70.1 ± 1.9b	71.5 ± 0.7a	71.6 ± 1.0a
Colon
Weight	58 ± 1	59 ± 2	58 ± 2	58 ± 2	60 ± 2	66 ± 2	64 ± 3	68 ± 4a	73 ± 4b	69 ± 4b
Length	13.0 ± 0.6	13.1 ± 0.5	13.0 ± 0.4	12.8 ± 0.2	13.0 ± 0.2	11.5 ± 0.3a	11.3 ± 0.6a	11.5 ± 0.4a	11.0 ± 0.4b	10.9 ± 0.8b

Organ weights are expressed as % (wtg/gbwt) and lengths are expressed in cm. Data are expressed as means ± SEM.

^aP < 0.05 vs saline + PBS,

^bP < 0.01 vs saline + PBS. 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline; AHE: Almond hull extract; ABW: Almond blanched water.