Effects of commercially produced almond by-products on chemotherapy-induced mucositis in rats

Table 1 Effects of almond extracts on bodyweight change, food and water intake and urine and faeces output in saline-injected rats and in 5-fluorouracil injected rats from days 10-12

	Sal+PBS	Sal+ AHE1	Sal+ AHE2	Sal+ ABW1	Sal+ ABW2	5-FU+PBS	5-FU+AHE1	5-FU+AHE2	5-FU+ ABW1	5-FU+ ABW2
Body weight change with respect to day 9(%)	3.7 ± 0.6	4.0 ± 1.0	1.6 ± 0.9	2.3 ± 1.1	2.6 ± 0.9	-7.2 ± 1.5b	-9.5 ± 1.9b	-7.3 ± 1.3b	-7.0 ± 1.1b	-7.2 ± 1.2b
Water intake (mL/kgbw)	256 ± 49	247 ± 28	184 ± 18	236 ± 22	200± 28	275 ± 27	244 ± 18	296 ± 22	348 ± 38a	284 ± 28
Food intake (%bw)	6.7 ± 0.5	6.9 ± 0.5	6.9 ± 0.4	6.7 ± 0.6	6.4 ± 0.5	5.1 ± 0.3b	5.2 ± 0.4a	5.4 ± 0.3a	4.9 ± 0.3b	4.8 ± 0.3b
Urine output (mL/kgbw)	103 ± 11	99 ± 12	98 ± 8	103 ± 9	89 ± 6	175 ± 19b	202 ± 20b	180 ± 25b	215 ± 19b	164 ± 18b
Faeces output (g/kgbw)	39 ± 9	31 ± 5	40 ± 10	34 ± 6	24 ± 3	31 ± 4	35 ± 5	29 ± 6	31 ± 4	28 ± 5

Data are expressed as means ± SEM. 0.05.

^aP < 0.05 vs saline + PBS,

^bP < 0.01 vs saline + PBS. 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline; AHE: Almond hull extract; ABW: Almond blanched water.