Acute pancreatitis in children and adolescents

Table 2 Cause of acute pancreatitis in children and adolescents

Ref.	Location	Cases	Etiology (%)Systemic	Biliary1	Anatomic2	Trauma	Familial	Metabolic3	Drugs	Others4	Idiopathic
Lopez[50]	United States	274	48	10	NA	19	NA	0.7	5	0.4	17
DeBanto et al[1]	United States	301	3.5	10.5	1.5	13.5	5.5	4	11	16.5	34
Werlin et al[8]	United States	180	14	12	7.5	14	3	5.5	12	24	8
Nydegger et al[4]	Australia	279	22.2	5.4	NA	36.3	NA	5.8	3.2	2.2	25.1
Suzuki et al[19]	Japan	135	8.9	30.4	25.9	9.6	NA	NA	11.1	3.7	10.4
Lantz et al[2]	United States	211	3.3	11.8	5.2	7.6	0.9	6.2	19.9	13.8	31.3

All studies contained more than 100 cases. NA: Not available.

¹Gallstone, biliary sludge, choledochal cyst;

²Abnormal union of the pancreaticobiliary junction, pancreatic divisum;

³Diabetic acidosis, hyperlipidemia, organic acidemias, hypercalcemia;

⁴Associated viral infection, postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, alcohol, autoimmune, cystic fibrosis, post-surgery.