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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Sep 22, 2022; 13(5): 143-156
Published online Sep 22, 2022. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v13.i5.143
Published online Sep 22, 2022. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v13.i5.143
Antiseizure medications | Common gastrointestinal side effects |
Carbamazepine | Dry mouth, mouth sores, glossitis, loss of appetite, dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, hurt burn, gastritis, stomach/abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, abnormal liver functions, cholestatic and/or hepatocellular jaundice, hepatitis; hepatic failure (very rare), and pancreatitis (rare), eosinophilic colitis |
Ethosuximide | Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, gastric pain, diarrhea, gastric and intestinal atony with decreased peristaltic activity |
Phenobarbital | Diarrhea, sore throat, swelling of the tongue/throat, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dysphagia, and heartburn. As it is a cytochrome P450 hepatic enzyme inducer, it can cause abnormal hepatic function, hepatitis, liver damage, cholestasis, toxic hepatitis, and jaundice |
Phenytoin | Changes in taste sensation, gingival overgrowth, sore throat, mouth ulcers, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dysphagia, heartburn, idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity (< 1% of the patients), reduced gastrointestinal absorption of calcium, reduced hepatic synthesis of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, cause a relative vitamin K deficiency |
Valproate | Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dysphagia, gastritis with heartburn, several distinctive forms of acute and chronic liver injury, and vitamin D deficiency |
Gabapentin | Vomiting, constipation, gastritis, pancreatitis |
Topiramate | Taste perversion, anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain, indigestion, diarrhea, constipation |
Lamotrigine | Dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, gastritis, diarrhea, or constipation |
- Citation: Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK. Epilepsy and the gut: Perpetrator or victim? World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2022; 13(5): 143-156
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5330/full/v13/i5/143.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v13.i5.143