Cholangiocarcinoma and liver transplantation: What we know so far?

Table 1 Summary of anatomical, histomorphological, and molecular characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes

Anatomical classification		Histomorphological classification	Molecular specification (gene alterations)
iCCA	Small intrahepatic bile ducts iCCA	Mass forming tumors[17]	IDH1/2, FGFR2, EPHA2, BAP1[14,19]
	Large intrahepatic bile ducts iCCA	Mass forming, periductal, or intraductal mucinous tumors[17,18]	EPHA2, BAP1, KRAS, TP53, GNAS, NRAS, MRAS, SMAD4[12,14,21]
eCCA	Perihilar CCA	Intraductal mucinous tumors[12,17]	KRAS, TP53, GNAS, NRAS, MRAS, SMAD4, ARID1B, PRKACA, BRAF[14,19,24]
	Distal CCA	Periductal mucinous tumors[12,17]	KRAS, TP53, GNAS, NRAS, MRAS, SMAD4, ARID1B, PRKACB, BRAF[14,19,24]

CCA: Cholangiocarcinomas; iCCA: Intrahepatic CCA; eCCA: Extra-hepatic CCA; EPHA2: Ephrin type-A receptor 2 precursor; FGFR2: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2; BAP1: BRCA1 associated protein-1; NRAS: Neuroblastoma RAS viral [v-ras] oncogene homolog; KRAS: Kirsten rat sarcoma virus; TP53: Tumor protein; PRKACA: Protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha.