Topic Highlight
Copyright ©2010 Baishideng.
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Jun 15, 2010; 1(2): 50-62
Published online Jun 15, 2010. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v1.i2.50
Figure 1
Figure 1 Two-pathway theory of estrogen-receptor-dependent growth. Many estrogen target cells contain growth-stimulatory and -inhibitory pathways. Both pathways are mediated through ERs. Tamoxifen may possess relatively high affinity for the growth-inhibitory pathway whereas estrogen can mainly activate the growth-stimulatory pathway. However, any ligand for ER can stimulate both pathways.