Blunt pancreatic trauma: A persistent diagnostic conundrum?

Table 3 Treatment options for isolated pancreatic injuries based on the American Association of Surgery for Trauma pancreas organ injury scale[2,14,60]

AAST grade	Treatment options
I	Observation/conservative management
	Simple external drainage
	Omental pancreatorrhaphy and drainage
II	Observation/conservative management
	Simple external drainage
	Omental pancreatorrhaphy and drainage
III	Distal pancreatectomy +/- splenectomy
	Roux-en-Y distal pancreatojejunostomy
IV	Simple drainage in damage control situations
	Pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure)
	Distal Roux-en-Y pancreatojejunostomy
	Anterior Roux-en-Y pancreatojejunostomy
	Endoscopically placed stent
V	Pancreatoduodenectomy
	Drainage in damage control situations

AAST: American Association of Surgery for Trauma.