Role of molecular imaging in the management of patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease: State-of-the-art

Table 4 Diagnostic accuracies in some selected studies on positron emission tomography

Ref.	Year of pub	Tracer	Sensitivity	Specificity
Meisner et al[6]	2007	18F-FDG
UC			95.8%	NA
CD			81.3%	NA
Das et al[1]	2010	18F-FDG	98.5%	NA
Ahmadi et al[7]	2010	18F-FDG	NA	NA
Groshar et al[20]	2010	18F-FDG	NA	NA
Shyn et al[21]	2010	18F-FDG
Detection of bowel segments with active CD
Using a threshold > 1 (at least mild activity)			63.3%	100%
Using a threshold > 2 (at least moderate activity)			100%	89.7%
Holtmann et al[2]	2012	18F-FDG
Detection of active CD
In the terminal ileum + colon (on a per segment-based analysis)			90%	92.6%
In the proximal ileum (on a per patient-based analysis)			100%	100%
Lenze et al[4]	2012	18F-FDG
Detection of CD strictures			81%	NA
Differentiation of the nature of
All strictures			53%
Only inflammatory ones			83%
Only fibromatous ones			11%
Only mixed ones			0%
Treglia et al[65] (meta-analysis) (on a per segment-based analysis)	2013	18F-FDG	85%	87%
Zhang et al[3] (meta-analysis) 18F-FDG On per-bowel-segment basis On per-patient basis	2014	18F-FDG, 99mTc-HMPAO, 99mTc-monoclonal antigranulocyteantibody	0.84 0.59	0.86 1
99mTc-HMPAO			0.86	0.50
On per-bowel-segment basis			0.79	0.76
On per-patient basis			0.91	0.85
99mTc-monoclonal antigranulocyte antibody on per-bowel-segment basis			0.45	0.94
Catalano et al[5]	2016	18F-FDG	(Mean)	(Mean)
Detection of fibrotic CD strictures by
ADC × SUVmax < 3000			0.67	0.73
SI on T2-weightedimages × SUVmax < 2000			0.77	0.57
SUVmax < 2.5			0.79	0.61
ADC < 1250 × 10-3 mm2/s			0.84	0.26
SI on T2-weightedimages < 750			0.73	0.13

SPECT: Single photon emission tomography; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; NA: Not available; ¹⁸F-FDG: ¹⁸F-Fluorodehoxiglucose; SUV: Standardized uptake value; ADC: Apparent diffusion coefficient; SI: Scintigraphic indices.