Impact of dose calculation algorithm on radiation therapy

Table 3 Clinical impact of dose calculation algorithms

Ref.	Tumor site/technique	Algorithms studied	Results/conclusion
Nielsen et al[34], 2011	NSCLC	Eclipse AAA OTP CC Pinnacle CC XiO Sup OTP PB XiO FFT	Differences in dose to target predicted by the different algorithms are of a magnitude. Calculated NTCP values for pneumonitis are more sensitive to the choice of algorithm than mean lung dose and V20
Chandrasekaran et al[38], 2011	Lung/3DCRT,SBRT	PBC, Eclipse AAA, Pinnacle CCC, Masterplan PBC and CCC	PBC yielded higher TCP in comparison with other algorithms. For small tumor, TCP was overestimated by 4%-13% by PBC; for large tumor, there was an increase of up to 6%-22%
Liu et al[39], 2013	Lung/SABR	EPL, MC	EPL overestimates dose by amounts that substantially decrease TCP in a large proportion. Compared with MC, prescribing based on EPL translated to a median TCP decrement of 4.3% (range, 1.2%-37%) and a > 5% decrement in 46% of tumors
Bufacchi et al[33], 2013	Prostate, HN, Lung, Breast /3DCRT	PBC, AAA	NTCP calculated with AAA was lower than the NTCP calculated with PBC, except for the breast treatments
Chetty et al[30], 2013	NSCLC/SABR	EPL-1D, EPL-3D, AAA, CCC, Acuros, MC	Average TCP decrements (5%-10%, ranging up to approximately 50%) were observed with model-based algorithms relative to the EPL-based methods

Eclipse AAA: Eclipse Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm; OTP CC: Oncentra MasterPlan Collapsed Cone algorithm; Pinnacle CC: Pinnacle Collapsed Cone algorithm; XiO Sup: XiO Multigrid Superposition algorithm; OTP PB: Oncentra MasterPlan Pencil Beam algorithm; XiO FFT: XiO Fast Fourier Transform Convolution algorithm; EPL: Equivalent path length; MC: Monte Carlo.