Radio-chemotherapy for bladder cancer: Contribution of chemotherapy on local control

Table 3 Local control rates after external beam radiotherapy-alone for different dose and fractionation schedules

Study	No. of patients	RT fractionation schedule	CR rate
Gospodarowicz et al[38]	254	15 × 2.33 Gy + 5 × 3 Gy	57%
Cowan et al[39]	60	20 × 2.63 Gy = 52.5	75%
Cowan et al[39]	45	16 × 3.44 = 55 Gy	71%
Cowan et al[39]	44	20 × 2.88 = 57.5 Gy	80%
Pos et al[40]	50	20 × 2.75 Gy = 55	74%
Scholten et al[41]	123	6 × 6 = 36 Gy (1 fraction per week)	44%
Shipley et al[7]	58	36 × 1.8 = 65 Gy	56%
De Neve et al[42]	67	33 × 2 = 66 Gy	55%
Yavuz et al[43]	87	(25 × 1.8) + (15 × 1.5 as a second fraction per day the last 3 wk) = 67.5 Gy	64%
Borgaokar et al[44]	163	20 × 2.625 = 52.5 Gy	61%
James et al[15]	71	20 × 2.75 Gy = 55 Gy	69.70%
	106	32 × 2 Gy = 64
Coppin et al[16]	48, RT-alone arm	30 × 2 Gy = 60 Gy	31%
Sauer et al[11]	126	50.4-59.4 Gy at 1.8 Gy	61%
Rödel et al[12]
Weiss et al[13]
Ott et al[14]
Edsmyr et al[45]12	85	32 × 2 = 64 Gy (in 8 wk) 2 wk rest after half of total dose	36%
	83	(3 × 1 Gy per day) × 28 = 84 Gy (in 8 wk) 3 fractions per day, 4 h apart	59%
Gobolenko et al[46]12	43	30 × 2 = 60 Gy, (in 8 wk)	16%
2	26	2 × 1 Gy per day) × 30 = 60 Gy, (in 8 wk)	23%
2	61	(2 × 1 Gy per day) × 35 = 70 Gy (in 9 wk)	34%
2	47	(2 × 1.2 Gy per day) × 28 = 67.2 Gy (in 7.5 wk)	23%

¹In those two randomized studies hyperfractionation was used with a high total dose and resulted in a significantly superior complete response (CR) and survival. However they were not included in our analysis as they were conducted in 70 s and 80 s (see “Methods and Material”);

²The studies below were not included in the present analysis. They are presented to show the advantage of hyperfractionated radiotherapy (RT)-schedules and the higher biologically effective dose delivered.