Cognitive and functional status after vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation endovascular occlusion

Figure 2 Catheter cerebral arteriography and embolization of Galen aneurysmal malformations. A, B: Arteriovenous shunting through a fine arterial network is seen within choroidal-type Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMs); C, D: Combined transarterial and transvenous embolization in this patient (Patient 1) enabled complete obliteration of the lesion; E, F: Direct fistulas to the venous pouch with feeders from the anterior (E) and posterior (F) cerebral arteries are seen in mural-type VGAMs (E and F); G, H: Palliative partial embolization in this patient (Patient 3) enabled resolution of congestive heart failure.