Retinal microcirculation changes in prediabetic patients with short-term increased blood glucose using optical coherence tomography angiography

Table 5 Comparison of oral glucose tolerance test indicators in the superficial retinal layer among the three groups after one hour of oral glucose tolerance test

Index	CN (n = 23)	Group 1 (n = 14)	Group 2 (n = 13)	Statistics value	P value	P1	P2	P3
Central VD	9.74 ± 2.61	7.81 ± 2.96	10.37 ± 2.15	3.706	0.032	0.101	1.000	0.042
Lateral VD	21.71 ± 1.29	21.75 ± 1.03	21.90 ± 1.21	0.106	0.899
Full VD	20.38 ± 1.28	20.15 ± 1.12	20.59 ± 1.14	0.449	0.641
Central PD	0.16 ± 0.04	0.13 ± 0.05	0.18 ± 0.04	4.271	0.020	0.092	1.000	0.022
Lateral PD	0.38 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.093	0.911
Full PD	0.36 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.02	0.241	0.787
FAZ area	0.32 ± 0.11	0.41 ± 0.13	0.29 ± 0.09	4.963	0.011	0.044	1.000	0.015
FAZ perimeter	2.34 ± 0.38	2.69 ± 0.45	2.25 ± 0.36	4.967	0.011	0.038	1.000	0.016
FAZ circularity	0.71 ± 0.07	0.72 ± 0.05	0.71 ± 0.08	0.115	0.891

P1: Comparisons between the control group (CN) and Group 1; P2: Comparisons between the CN and Group 2; P3: Comparison between Group 1 and Group 2. All P values were adjusted with the Bonferroni correction. Group 1 comprised patients with either impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); Group 2 comprised patients with both IFG and IGT. P: Comparisons among groups were performed via one-way analysis of variance. CN: Control group; VD: Vessel density; PD: Perfusion density; FAZ: Foveal avascular zone.