Retinal microcirculation changes in prediabetic patients with short-term increased blood glucose using optical coherence tomography angiography

Table 4 Comparison of optical coherence tomography angiography indicators in the superficial retinal layer among the three groups during fasting

Index	CN (n = 23)	Group 1 (n = 14)	Group 2 (n = 13)	Statistics value	P value	P1	P2	P3
Central VD	9.21 ± 2.35	7.58 ± 2.82	10.49 ± 2.50	4.525	0.0161	0.188	0.455	0.013
Lateral VD	21.44 ± 1.07	21.35 ± 1.16	21.44 ± 1.70	0.026	0.9741
Full VD	20.06 ± 1.02	19.79 ± 1.17	20.21 ± 1.65	2.652	0.2662
Central PD	0.15 ± 0.04	0.13 ± 0.05	0.18 ± 0.04	4.999	0.0111	0.280	0.218	0.008
Lateral PD	0.38 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.03	0.775	0.6792
Full PD	0.35 ± 0.02	0.35 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.03	2.078	0.3542
FAZ area	0.31 ± 0.11	0.41 ± 0.13	0.28 ± 0.09	5.312	0.0081	0.032	1.000	0.012
FAZ perimeter	2.35 ± 0.38	2.73 ± 0.44	2.26 ± 0.38	5.804	0.0061	0.018	1.000	0.010
FAZ circularity	0.70 ± 0.08	0.69 ± 0.06	0.69 ± 0.06	0.257	0.7751

¹Comparisons among groups were performed via one-way analysis of variance.

²Comparisons among groups were performed via the Kruskal-Wallis H test.

P1: Comparisons between the control group (CN) and group 1; P2: Comparisons between the CN and group 2; P3: Comparisons between group 1 and group 2. All P values were adjusted with the Bonferroni correction. Group 1 comprised patients with either impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); Group 2 comprised patients with both IFG and IGT. CN: Control group; VD: Vessel density; PD: Perfusion density; FAZ: Foveal avascular zone.