Retinal microcirculation changes in prediabetic patients with short-term increased blood glucose using optical coherence tomography angiography

Table 3 Comparison of optical coherence tomography angiography indices in the superficial retina between fasting conditions and one hour after the oral glucose tolerance test

Index	CN (n = 23)		P value	Group 1 (n = 14)		P value	Group 2 (n = 13)		P value
	Fasting	Postprandial		Fasting	Postprandial		Fasting	Postprandial
Central VD	9.21 ± 2.35	9.74 ± 2.61	0.023	7.58 ± 2.82	7.81 ± 2.96	0.464	10.49 ± 2.50	10.37 ± 2.15	0.733
Lateral VD	21.44 ± 1.07	21.71 ± 1.29	0.268	21.35 ± 1.16	21.75 ± 1.03	0.321	21.44 ± 1.70	21.90 ± 1.21	0.7221
Full VD	20.06 ± 1.02	20.38 ± 1.28	0.186	19.79 ± 1.17	20.15 ± 1.12	0.347	20.21 ± 1.65	20.59 ± 1.14	0.8071
Central PD	0.15 ± 0.04	0.16 ± 0.04	0.026	0.13 ± 0.05	0.13 ± 0.05	0.662	0.18 ± 0.04	0.18 ± 0.04	0.616
Lateral PD	0.38 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.02	0.270	0.38 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.306	0.38 ± 0.03	0.39 ± 0.02	0.6491
Full PD	0.35 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.02	0.231	0.35 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.02	0.741	0.36 ± 0.03	0.36 ± 0.02	0.8341
FAZ area	0.31 ± 0.11	0.32 ± 0.11	0.207	0.41 ± 0.13	0.41 ± 0.13	0.716	0.28 ± 0.09	0.29 ± 0.09	0.357
FAZ perimeter	2.35 ± 0.38	2.34 ± 0.38	0.5811	2.73 ± 0.44	2.69 ± 0.45	0.232	2.26 ± 0.38	2.25 ± 0.36	0.509
FAZ circularity	0.70 ± 0.08	0.71 ± 0.07	0.602	0.69 ± 0.06	0.72 ± 0.05	0.023	0.69 ± 0.06	0.71 ± 0.08	0.162

¹Comparison between fasting conditions and one hour after the oral glucose tolerance test via the paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test; the other tests were paired t tests.

Group 1 comprised patients with either impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); Group 2 comprised patients with both IFG and IGT. CN: Control group; VD: Vessel density; PD: Perfusion density; FAZ: Foveal avascular zone.