Comparison between solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic changes using computed tomography

Table 1 Comparisons of the clinical and imaging findings between solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic changes

Variables	SPN, n = 32	PDAC with cystic changes, n = 14	P value
Sex
Male	8 (25)	7 (50)	0.170
Female	24 (75)	7 (50)
Age in yr	32.00 ± 13.04	64.93 ± 11.72	< 0.001
Location
Head & neck	14 (43.75)	9 (64.3)	0.337
Body & tail	18 (56.25)	5 (35.7)
Shape
Round	12 (37.5)	1 (7.1)	0.072
Lobulated or irregular	20 (62.5)	13 (92.9)
Margin
Well-defined	21 (65.6)	5 (35.7)	0.060
Ill-defined	11 (34.4)	9 (64.3)
Density
Predominantly solid	2 (6.25)	0 (0)	0.384
Cystic-solid	28 (87.50)	14 (100)
Predominantly cystic	2 (6.25)	0 (0)
Calcification
Yes	11 (34.4)	1 (7.1)	0.073
No	21 (65.6)	13 (92.9)
“Floating cloud” sign
Yes	27 (84.4)	6 (42.9)	< 0.001
No	5 (15.6)	8 (57.1)
Pancreatic atrophy
Yes	6 (18.75)	5 (35.7)	0.269
No	26 (81.25)	9 (64.3)
MPD dilatation
Yes	12 (37.5)	9 (64.3)	0.117
No	20 (62.5)	5 (35.7)
Peripancreatic invasion or distal metastasis			0.006
Yes	2 (6.25)	6 (42.9)
No	30 (93.75)	8 (57.1)
Enhancement pattern			0.504
Homogeneous	1 (3.1)	0 (0)
Heterogeneous	31 (96.9)	14 (100)
Size in cm	5.41 ± 2.89	3.90 ± 1.24	0.017
CT attenuation values in HU
Plain phase	37.37 ± 4.82	36.82 ± 4.80	0.729
Arterial phase	55.39 ± 7.57	54.88 ± 10.85	0.854
Portal venous phase	66.79 ± 7.31	67.99 ± 13.03	0.691
Delayed phase	73.34 ± 7.16	72.70 ± 9.47	0.799
Tumor-to-pancreas enhancement ratio
Arterial phase	0.57 ± 0.10	0.61 ± 0.11	0.224
Portal venous phase	0.67 ± 0.11	0.66 ± 0.13	0.833
Delayed phase	0.81 ± 0.08	0.79 ± 0.09	0.557

Data are n (%). CT: Computed tomography; HU: Hounsfield unit; MPD: Main pancreatic duct; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; SPN: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms.