Role of contrast-enhanced serial/spot abdominal X-rays in perioperative follow-up of patients undergoing abdominal surgery: An observational clinical study

Table 2 Effective doses of radiation for various radiological procedures and activities

Form of exposure to radiation	Effective dose (mSv)
Natural background radiation for 1 yr	1.3-4.1 (mean 2.4)
Airline passenger with Subsonic flight at 36.000 feet from New York to Istanbul	0.04
Abdominal/pelvic X-ray	0.7
Barium meal/enema	3-10
Hiroshima (measured from the jawbone, 1997)	9460
Average personal dose received by Turkish people due to the Chernobyl accident	0.5
Mammogram	0.4
Chest X-ray	0.02
Intravenous pyelography-IVP	6
Abdominal CT (± contrast)	10-30
Chest/cardiac CT	7.8/16
Pelvic CT	10
Angiography/venography	11-33
CT-guided intervention	11-17
Nuclear stress test with Tc-99m/thallium	11-22
Ultrasonography	0
Abdominal MRI	0

Figures are average data compiled from different reports and may vary according to country, age, gender, devices, and other variables. 1 Gy = 1 Sv = 1000 mSv = 100 Rem. CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.