Clinical and anatomic predictors of need for repeat atrial fibrillation ablation

Table 1 Clinical predictors of need for repeat ablation n (%)

Parameter	Single ablation (n = 189)	Repeat ablation (n = 142)	P value
Age (yr)	59.2 ± 10.8	57.4 ± 9.5	0.12
Male gender	135 (71)	115 (81)	0.05
Left ventricular ejection fraction	59.8 ± 9.4	57.4 ± 10.3	0.04
Hypertension	114 (61)	79 (57)	0.46
Coronary artery disease	29 (16)	15 (11)	0.22
Diabetes mellitus, type II	13 (7)	13 (9)	0.43
CVA or TIA	3 (2)	1 (1)	0.47
Obstructive sleep apnea	39 (21)	24 (17)	0.42
Congestive heart failure	13 (7)	7 (5)	0.48
Persistent atrial fibrillation	41 (22)	37 (27)	0.31
Medications at initial ablation
Beta blocker	90 (49)	72 (53)	0.45
Calcium channel blocker	28 (15)	24 (18)	0.53
ACE-I or ARB	45 (24)	32 (24)	0.89
Statin	66 (35)	43 (32)	0.47
Warfarin	100 (54)	88 (64)	0.06
Direct OAC	62 (33)	33 (24)	0.07
Anti-arrhythmic drug
Class III
Amiodarone	19 (10)	12 (9)	0.68
Dronedarone	27 (15)	19 (14)	0.89
Sotalol	33 (18)	23 (17)	0.85
Dofetilide	9 (5)	12 (9)	0.15
Class Ic (Flecainide or Propafenone)	54 (29)	41 (30)	0.83
Procedural data
Ablation time (min)	138.3 ± 55.2	148.4 ± 53.5	0.11

Age, left ventricular ejection fraction, and ablation time data presented as mean ± SD. For other clinical parameters, data presented as n (%). Demographic and clinical parameters stratified by patients who received single ablation procedure vs repeat ablation during study period.