Interleukin-19 is cardioprotective in dominant negative cyclic adenosine monophosphate response-element binding protein-mediated heart failure in a sex-specific manner

Figure 6 Activation of the fetal hypertrophic gene program in dominant negative cyclic AMP response-element binding protein and double transgenic mice. A: Myosin heavy chain α (MYHCα) expression was unchanged by either sex or genotype; B: Myosin heavy chain β (MYHCβ); C: Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF); D: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were all significantly upregulated in both male and female dnCREB and DTG mice; E: Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase (SERCA) expression was significantly downregulated in both sexes with disease. Expression of fetal hypertrophic genes was assessed by qRT-PCR, relative to the housekeeping gene 18S. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM and assessed by 2-way ANOVA. ^aP < 0.05 vs Control; n = 4-7 mice per group. a: Significant effect of genotype. dnCREB: Do-minant negative cyclic AMP response-element binding protein; DTG: Double transgenic.