Novel epigenetic-based therapies useful in cardiovascular medicine

Table 3 Recent evidence investigating the role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in several cardiovascular diseases

miRNAs	Sources	Conditions	Ref.
↑miR-339-5p, miR-483-3p ↓miR-139-5b	Plasma	LVI	Saddic et al[64] (2015)
↓miR-145	Plasma	AMI	Gao et al[65] (2015)
↑miR-122, miR-140-3p, miR-720, miR-2861, miR-3149	Plasma	ACS, AMI	Li et al[66] (2015)
↑Let-7e, miR-15a, miR-196b ↓miR-411	Plasma	AAA, Atherosclerosis	Stather et al[67] (2015)
↓ miR-125b, miR-320b	Plasma	AMI, CAD	Huang et al[68] (2014)
↓miR-21	Serum	CAD	Fan et al[69] (2014)
↓miR-31	Plasma	CAD	Wang et al[70] (2014)
↑miR-146a, miR-186, miR-208b, miR-499	Serum	ACS, Stable CAD, CV risk	Wu et al[71] (2014)
↑miR-210	PBMC	HF	Endo et al[72] (2013)
↑miR-21, miR-25, miR-92a, miR-106b, miR-126, miR-451, miR-590-5p	Plasma	AP, UA	Ren et al[73] (2013)
↔ miR-1, miR-208a, miR-423-5p	Plasma	AMI, CAD	Nabialek et al[74] (2013)
↑miR-30a, miR-210	Serum	HF	Zhao et al[75] (2013)
↑miR-337-5p, miR-433, miR-485-3p, miR-1, miR-122, miR-126, miR-133a/b, miR-199a ↔miR-17-5p, miR-92a, miR-145, miR-155, miR-208a, miR-375, miR-799-5p	Plasma	AP, UA	D’Alessandra et al[76] (2013)
↓miR-103, miR-142-3p, miR-30b, miR-342-3p	Plasma	HF	Ellis et al[77] (2013)
↑miR-122, miR-200b, miR-520d-5p, miR-622	WB and serum	HF	Vogel et al[78] (2013)
↓miR-558
↑miR-21, miR-133a, miR-423-5p, miR-499-5p	Plasma	HF, NSTEMI	Olivieri et al[79] (2013)
↔miR-1, miR-208a
↑miR-133a	Plasma	AMI, AP	Wang et al[80] (2013)
↓miR-214	Plasma	AMI, AP, UA	Lu et al[81] (2013)

AAA: Abdominal aortic aneurysm; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; AP: Angina pectoris; CAD: Coronary artery disease; CV: Cardiovascular; HF: Heart failure; LVI: Left ventricular ischemia; NSTEMI: Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; PBMC: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; UA: Unstable angina; WB: Whole blood.