Impact of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in non-ischemic cardiomyopathies

Table 1 Summary of diagnostic findings and prognostic parameters at cardiac magnetic resonance

Cardiomyopathy	Key diagnostic CMR findings	Prognostic CMR parameters	Clinical outcomes evaluated
Iron overload cardiomyopathy	Myocardial T2* < 20 ms	Myocardial T2*	Adverse cardiac events, sudden cardiac death, treatment monitoring
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy	LV dilatation, global systolic dysfunction, mid-myocardial septal LGE	LGE, longitudinal myocardial strain	Adverse cardiac events, transplant status, sudden cardiac death, treatment monitoring
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	Asymmetric septal hypertrophy, patchy LGE (RV insertion points), mitral valve systolic anterior motion	LGE	Adverse cardiac events, sudden cardiac death
Sarcoidosis	Mid-myocardial or sub-epicardial LGE with (acute) or without (chronic) edema	LGE	Adverse cardiac events, treatment monitoring
Myocarditis	Myocardial edema, high T2 in T2 mapping, early gadolinium enhancement, mid-myocardial or subepicardial distribution LGE	LGE	Adverse cardiac events, sudden cardiac death, cardiac function recovery
Amyloidosis	Diffuse subendocardial-transmural enhancement, early myocardial nulling on T1 mapping	LGE, ECV estimation, T2 ratio	Mortality, disease subtype differentiation
Left ventricular non-compaction	Non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratio (end diastole) > 2.3	Non-compacted to compacted thickness ratio, LGE	Functional status, adverse cardiac events, sudden cardiac death
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia	Major wall motion abnormality, low ejection fraction, dilated RV (major criteria)	RV and LV abnormalities, LGE	Adverse cardiac events, sudden cardiac death, treatment planning
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy	Reduced global systolic function, abnormal apical wall motion with normal/hyperkinetic basal segments	Type of segmental involvement, LGE	Cardiac dysfunction severity and recovery
Fabry disease	Concentric LV thickening, basal inferolateral segment mid myocardial-subepicardial LGE	LGE, T1 mapping	Adverse cardiac events, sudden cardiac death, treatment monitoring
Muscular dystrophy	Ventricular dilation, systolic dysfunction, mid myocardial-subepicardial LGE	LGE, T1 mapping, ECV estimation, myocardial strain	Adverse cardiac events

CMR: Cardiac magnetic resonance; RV: Right ventricle; LV: Left ventricle; LGE: Late gadolinium enhancement; ECV: Extracellular volume.