Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction

Table 5 Bone marrow and circulating progenitor cells in coronary artery disease patients

Ref.	n	Randomize	Timepost PCI and/or MI	Cell dose	Injection route	Baseline LVEF	LVEFchange	Duration	Other findings
Assmus et al[215]	92	Yes	2348-2470 d	22 ± 106 CPC 205 ± 110 × 106 BMC	IC	CPC 39% ± 10% BMC: 41% ± 11%	CPC -0.4% BMC 2.90%	3 mo	Pts with previous MI; ↑ LVEF in BMC but not CPC
Bartunek et al[216]	35	Cohort	10 d	12.6 ± 2.2 × 106	IC	45% ± 2.5%	7%	4 mo	↑ LV regional function, perfusion; restenosis ↑
Chen et al[217]	69	Yes	18.4 ± 0.5 d	8-10 × 109	IC	49% ± 9%	18%	6 mo	↑ LVEF by ventriculogram ↑ perfusion; ↓ ESV
Erbs et al[218]	26	Yes	225 ± 87 d	69 ± 14 × 106	IC	51.7% ± 3.7%	7.20%	3 mo	Pts with chronic CAD occlusion Rxed with CPC; ↓ EF by MRI; infarct size 16%
Ge et al[219]	20	Yes	1 d	39 ± 22 × 106	IC	53.8% ± 9.2%	4.80%	6 mo	↑ Perfusion by SPECT
Hendrikx et al[220]	20	Yes	217 ± 162 d	60 ± 31 × 106 IM	IM	42.9% ± 10.3%	5%	4 mo	CABG in Pts with previous CAD ↑ Regional but not global LV function; 6/9 with induced ventricular tachycardia
Janssens et al [221]	67	Yes	1 d	172 × 106	IC	48.5 ± 7.2	3.30%	4 mo	↓ Infarct size
Kang et al[222]	96	Yes	< 14 d AMI; > 14 d OMI	1-2 × 109	IC	52.0 ± 9.9	5.10% AMI	6 mo	G-CSF for 3 d; ↓ ESV and infarct size in AMI; = EF, ESV and infarct size in OMI
Katritsis et al[223]	22	Cohort	224 ± 464 d	2-4 × 106	IC	39.7% ± 9.3%	1.60%	4 mo	↑ Regional but not global LV function
Lunde et al[224,225]	100	Yes	6 ± 1.3 d	68 × 106 (median) 54-130 × 106	IC	41.3 ± 11.0	=	6-12 mo	↑ LVEF in treated and controls; = EDV and infarct size
Meyer et al[226]	60	Yes	4.8 ± 1.3	24.6 ± 9.4 × 108	IC	50 ± 10	5.90%	18 ± 6 mo	↑ LVEF by MRI significant at 6 but not 18 mo
Mocini et al[227]	36	Cohort	AMI < 6 mo	292 ± 232 × 106 IM	IM	46% ± 6%	5%	3-12 mo	CABG in all; troponin increased
Perin et al[228]	20	Cohort	ICM	25.5 ± 6.3 × 106	IM Trans-Endo-cardial	30% ± 6%	5.10%	12 mo	LVEF = Controls; ↑ LV perfusion ↑ Exercise
Ruan et al[229]	20	Yes	Approximately 1 d	NR	IC	53.5% ± 5.8%	5.80%	6 mo	↑ LV segmental contraction
Schächinger et al[230,231]	204	Yes	3-8 d	2.4 × 108	IC	48.3% ± 9.2%	6%-7%	4-12 mo	↑ EF when Rx > 4 d post MI and when EF ↑ ≤ 48.9; LV perfusion
Strauer et al[232]	20	Cohort	5-9 d	2.8 ± 2.2 × 107 IM	IC	57% ± 8%	5%	3 mo	↑ Regional but not global LVEF; ↓ ESV and ↓ Infarct size
Li et al[234]	70	Yes	7 ± 5 d	7.3 ± 7.3 × 107	IC	50% ± 8.2%	7%	6 mo	G-CSF for 5 d; ↓ LV ESV, ↓ LV wall motion score

NR: Not recorded or equals no change; CPC: Circulating progenitor cells; BMC: Bone marrow cells; ICM: Ischemic cardiomyopathy; IC: Intracoronary injection; IM: Intramyocardial injection; AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; OMI: Old myocardial infarction; G-CSF: Granulocyte colony stimulating factor; ESV: LV end-systolic volume; SPECT: Single photon emission computer tomography. Adapted from Henning[213].