Translational research of adult stem cell therapy

Table 1 Clinical Trials of mesenchymal stem cells, cardiosphere-derived cells and cardiac stem cells in heart disease

Trial name	Study design	No. of patients	Delivery method	Cell dose	End pointevaluation	Follow-up period	Outcome
MSCs
Chen et al[10]	Randomized, controlled study	MSC n = 34 Control n = 35	Intracoronary	48-60 × 109 cells	Echocardiography	3 and 6 mo	LVEF↑
POSEIDON[28]	Randomized, Pilot study	MSC n = 30 Auto vs Allo	Intramyocardial (transendocardial)	20, 100, 200 × 106 cells	Cardiac CT	12 mo	LVEF↔ LVEDV↓
PROMETHEUS[29]	Randomized, Pilot study	MSC n = 6 No control	Intramyocardial (transepicardial)	20, 200 × 106 cells	MRI	18 mo	LVEF↑ Scar size↓
C-CURE[30]	Randomized, controlled study	MSC n = 21 Control n = 15	Intramyocardial (transendocardial)	7 × 106 cells	Echocardiography	6 and 24 mo	LVEF↑ LVESV↓
CDCs
CADUCEUS[36,37]	Randomized, controlled study	CDC n = 17 Control n = 8	Intracoronary	12.5-25 × 106 cells	MRI	6 and 12 mo	LVEF↔ Scar size↓
ALCADIA	Pilot study	CDC n = 6 No control	Intracoronary	25-30 × 106 cells	MRI	12 mo	LVEF↑ Scar size↓
TICAP[38]	Randomized, controlled study	CDC n = 7 Control n = 7	Intracoronary	2-3 × 106 cells	MRI	18 mo	LVEF↑
CSCs
SCIPIO[50]	Randomized, controlled study	CSC n = 20 Control n = 13	Intracoronary	1 × 106 cells	Echocardiography MRI	12 mo	LVEF↑ Scar size↓

Auto: Autologous; Allo: Allogeneic; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; CSCs: Cardiac stem cells; CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived cells; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.