Metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients: An unholy alliance

doi:10.4330/wjc.v6.i9.890

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World Journal of Cardiology

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1949-8462

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Cardiol. Sep 26, 2014; 6(9): 890-907
Published online Sep 26, 2014. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v6.i9.890

Table 2 Cross-sectional studies investigating the association of metabolic syndrome with various markers of subclinical organ damage

Ref.	No. of subjects	LVM	LV diastolic	Carotid IMT	Micro-	CKD	Arterial
	(population)		function	and plaques	albuminuria		stiffness
Mancia et al[21]	2051 (Italian GP)	↑	-	-	-	-	-
Cuspidi et al[23]	447 (Italian hypertensives)	↑	-	↑	↑	-	-
Leoncini et al[24]	354 (Italian hypertensives)	↑	-	↑	↑	-	-
Mulè et al[26]	353 (Italian hypertensives)	↑	Impaired	-	↑	-	-
Mulè et al[91]	475 (Italian hypertensives)	↑	Impaired	-	-	-	-
Schillaci et al[92]	618 (Italian hypertensives)	↑¹	Impaired¹	-	-	-	-
Nicolini et al[93]	200 (Italian hypertensives)	↑¹	Impaired¹	-	-	-	-
Aijaz et al[94]	2042 (United States GP)	↑¹	Impaired¹	-	-	-	-
Sundström et al[96]	820 (elderly Swedish GP)	↑
de Simone et al[97]	2758 (American Indian GP)	↑	Impaired	-	-	-	-
Burchfiel et al[98]	1572 (United States Black GP)	↑	-	-	-	-	-
de las Fuentes et al[99]	607 (United States GP)	↑	Impaired	-	-	-	-
Hwang et al[100]	1599 (South Korean GP)	↑	Impaired	-	-	-	-
Kim et al[101]	1886 (South Korean GP)		Impaired	=	-	-	↑
Ingelsson et al[102]	1945 (United States GP)	↑	-	↑	↑	-	-
Ferrara et al[103]	340 (Italian hypertensives)	↑		=
Aksoy et al[105]	90 (Turkish subjects)	↑	Impaired	-	-	-	-
Mulè et al[88]	93 (Italian hypertensives)	-	-	-	-	-	↑
Schillaci et al[119]	169 (Italian hypertensives)	-	-	-	↑	-	↑
Scuteri et al[120]	20750 (9 cohorts from Europe and United States)	-	-		-	-	↑
Scuteri et al[121]	6148 (Italian GP aged 14-102 years)	-	-	↑	-	-	↑
Scuteri et al[122]	471 (United States GP)	-	-	↑	-	-	↑
Zanchetti et al[28]	2034 (European hypertensives)	-	-	↑	-	-	-
Kawamoto et al[124]	760 (Japanese patients)	-	-	↑	-	-	-
Irace et al[125]	1853 (Italian GP)			=
Chen et al[110]	6217 (United States GP)	-	-	-	↑	↑	-
Chen et al[109]	15160 (Chinese GP)	-	-	-	↑	↑	-
Navarro et al[111]	8425 (Spanish hypertensives)	-	-	-	-	↑	-
Johns et al[112]	574 (United States non-diabetic GP)	-	-	-	-	↑	-

¹Only in women. LVM: Left ventricular mass; IMT: Intima-media thickness; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; =: No difference; ↑: Increased; -: Not evaluated; LV: Left ventricular; GP: General population.

Citation: Mulè G, Calcaterra I, Nardi E, Cerasola G, Cottone S. Metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients: An unholy alliance. World J Cardiol 2014; 6(9): 890-907
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v6/i9/890.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v6.i9.890