Exercise training in hypertension: Role of microRNAs

Table 1 Vascular effects of hypertension and exercise training in macro- and microcirculation

Hypertension	Exercise training	Ref.
Hypertrophy of VSMC	Decreased intima-media thickness	[49,52,55-57]
Excessive proliferation of VSMC	Improved orientation of VSMC	[49,53]
Increased collagen content	Decreased mRNA collagen expression	[49,51,58]
Decreased availability endothelial NO	Increased endothelial NO production	[49,51,55]
Increased endothelium-dependent contract factors	Increased endothelium-dependent relaxation	[59,75]
Increased ROS production	Increased antioxidant capacity	[49,50,59,62-66]
Increased overall peripheral resistance	Reduced vascular resistance	[24, 49,50]
Rarefaction of arterioles and capillaries	Increased peripheral revascularization	[7,49,50,61,79]

VSMC: Vascular smooth muscle cells; NO: Nitric oxide; ROS: Reactive oxygen species.