Role of microparticles in endothelial dysfunction and arterial hypertension

Table 1 Overview about studies investigating the interrelation between microparticles and endothelial dysfunction/arterial hypertension

Study subjects	Flow cytometric MP characteristics	Findings	Ref.
Framingham offspring cohort	CD144+	Increased CD144+ MP correlate with	Amabile et al[21]
	CD31+/CD41-	Arterial hypertension
		Elevated triglycerides
		Metabolic syndrome
		Increased CD31+/CD41- correlate with elevated triglycerides
MPs of AMI patients	Isolated blood MPs	MPs from AMI patients impair the endothelial nitric oxide pathway	Boulanger et al[25]
AngII stimulated mouse aortic endothelial cells	Annexin V+	AngII induces EMP release	Burger et al[24]
	CD144+	EMPs increase endothelial expression of VCAM-1, PCAM and adhesion of J774A.1 cells
(Microparticles of) human mononuclear cells	Microparticles from mononuclear cells	AngII induces MP release of mononuclear cells	Cordazzo et al[29]
		Angiotensin receptor type 2 inhibitors reduce AngII induced MP release
MPs of human lymphoid CEM T cell line	Isolated cell culture MPs	MPs decrease expression levels of eNOS	Martin et al[26]
		MPs induce endothelial dysfunction by altering the NO- and prostacyclin pathways
EMPs of women with pre-eclampsia	CD62E+ CD31+/42b-	Women with preeclampsia have higher EMP levels than those with gestational hypertension and controls	González-Quintero et al[28]
MPs levels of patients with art Hypertension	CD31+/CD42+	Increased EMPs and PMPs in patients with severe arterial hypertension	Preston et al[20]
	CD41+	EMPs and PMPs levels correlate with blood pressure

EMPs: Example endothelial microparticles; PMPs: Platelet microparticles; AngII: Angiotensin II; MPs: Microparticles; eNOS: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase; VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; PCAM: Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; NO: Nitric oxide.