Early detection of cardiac involvement in thalassemia: From bench to bedside perspective

Table 2 Summary of the correlation between cardiac magnetic resonance T2* and cardiac function in thalassemia major

Population/size	Type of study	Findings	Correlation	Ref.
TM/776 patients	Retrospective	Significant correlation between LVEF and cardiac R2* (r = -0.327, P < 0.0001)	/	Marsella et al[59]
TM/106 patients	Prospective	Significant correlation of myocardial T2* below 20 ms with LVEF (r = 0.61, P < 0.0001), LVESVi (r = 0.50, P < 0.0001), and LV mass index (r = 0.40, P < 0.001)	/	Anderson et al[16]
TM/167 patients	Prospective	Significant relationship between myocardial iron and LVEF (r = 0.57, P < 0.001)	/	Tanner et al[60]
TM/67 patients	Cross sectional	Myocardial T2* related to LV diastolic function (EPFR, r = –0.20, P = 0.19; APFR, r = 0.49, P < 0.001; EPFR/APFR ratio, r = –0.62, P < 0.001)	/	Westwood et al[52]
TM/33 patients	Cross sectional	Good correlation of DT, Tei index and E/Em index with cardiac T2* values (P < 0.05, r = 0.70-0.81) and weak correlation of E/A with T2* (P < 0.05, r = -0.44)	/	Barzin et al[84]
TM/47 patients	Retrospective	Significant correlations of the myocardial T2* with LVESVi and LVEDVi (r = -0.32, P = 0.027; r = -0.29, P = 0.046, respectively)	/	Bayraktaroğlu et al[22]
TM/19 patients, SCD/17 patients	Cross sectional	Significant relationship between LVEF and myocardial T2*	/	Wood et al[61]

TM: Thalassemia major; SCD: Sickle cell disease; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESVi: Left ventricular end systolic volume index; LVEDVi: Left ventricular end diastolic volume index; EPFR: Early peak filling rate; APFR: Atrial peak filling rate; DT: Deceleration time; E/Em: Early diastolic peak inflow velocity and early diastolic myocardial velocity ratio; E/A: Early and late transmittal peak flow velocity ratio.