Acute myocardial infarction: Clinical features and outcomes in young adults in Singapore

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients

	Overall (n = 333)	Malay (n = 59)	Chinese (n = 171)	Indian (n = 103)	P value
Mean age at presentation (yr)	40.2 ± 4.0 (25-45)	40.3 ± 4.8 (25-45)	40.4 ± 3.6 (30-45)	39.9 ± 4.2 (26-45)	0.62
Male:female	329:23 (93.5:6.5)	53:6 (89.8:10.2)	160:11 (93.6:6.4)	100:3 (97.1:2.9)	0.06
Ever smoker	246 (73.8)	48 (81.4)	127 (74.3)	71 (68.9)	0.08
Hypertension	95 (28.5)	15 (25.4)	54 (31.6)	26 (25.2)	0.78
Hyperlipidemia	66 (19.8)	10 (16.9)	32 (18.7)	24 (23.3)	0.28
Diabetes	55 (16.5)	10 (16.9)	23 (13.5)	22 (21.4)	0.31
Mean BMI (kg/m2)	26.1 ± 3.8	26.2 ± 4.7	25.8 ± 3.6	26.7 ± 3.7	0.15
Newly diagnosed hyperlipidemia	93 (27.9)	19 (32.3)	49 (28.7)	25 (24.3)	0.26
Newly diagnosed diabetes	43 (12.9)	3 (5.1)	23 (13.5)	17 (16.5)	0.047a
Newly diagnosed hypertension	9 (2.7)	5 (8.5)	2 (1.2)	2 (1.9)	0.04a
Mean total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.6 ± 1.2	5.9 ± 1.1	5.6 ± 1.2	5.5 ± 1.3	0.16
Mean LDL (mmol/L)	3.8 ± 1.1	4.1 ± 1.1	3.7 ± 1.0	3.8 ± 1.1	0.08
Mean HDL (mmol/L)	0.93 ± 0.25	0.92 ± 0.22	0.95 ± 0.27	0.89 ± 0.22	0.14
Mean HBa1c (mmol/L)	7.7 ± 2.3	7.7 ± 2.3	7.4 ± 2.3	8.15 ± 2.4	0.04a
LVEF (%)	44 ± 10	41 ± 10	45 ± 9	43 ± 11	0.008a
Creatine kinase (IU/L)	2227 ± 2389	1870 ± 2064	2350 ± 2656	2220 ± 2055	0.41
Troponin (ng/mL)	36 ± 34	32 ± 34	36 ± 34	38 ± 33	0.55

^aP < 0.05. BMI: Body mass index; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; HBa1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.