Preventing radiocontrast-induced nephropathy in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing coronary angiography

Table 3 Clinical trials comparing prophylactic renal replacement therapy and control group for radiocontrast-induced nephropathy after coronary angiography procedure (Baseline chronic kidney disease stage 4-5)

Ref.	Time from contrast exposure to the start of RRT (modes of RRT and duration)	CKD stage, No. of patients (RRT:control)	Incidence of RCIN results (RR, 95% CI)	Permanent dialysis rate of RCIN	In-hospital mortality of RCIN
Marenzi et al[75] (2003) interventional procedures	0 (CVVH 22-30 h)	Stage 4, 114 (58:56)	4/58 vs 32/56 (RR = 0.12, 0.05-0.32)	2/58 vs 11/56 (RR = 0.18, 0.04-0.76)	1/58 vs 8/56 (RR = 0.11, 0.01-0.87)
Marenzi et al[76] (2006) diagnostic and interventional procedures	0 (CVVH 18-36 h)	Stage 4, 92 (62: 30)	9/62 vs 12/30 (RR = 0.36, 0.17-0.77)	NA	3/62 vs 6/30 (RR = 0.20, 0.05-0.88)
Lee et al[77] (2007) diagnostic procedures	81 ± 32 min (HD 4 h)	Stage 5, 82 (42:40)	2/42 vs 18/40 (RR = 0.11, 0.03-0.43)	0/42 vs 5/40 (RR = 0.09, 0-1.52)	No

RRT: Renal replacement therapy; HD: Hemodialysis; CVVH: Continuous venovenous hemofiltration; RCIN: Radiocontrast-induced nephropathy; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; RR: Relative risk; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; NA: Not assessed.